Changes in morphometric parameters of rat splenic lymphocytes under experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and its correction

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2026.1.54-66

Keywords:

morphometry, lymphocytes, spleen, diabetes mellitus, streptozotocin, insulin, dapagliflozin

Abstract

Diabetes is a complex disease that affects various organs of the body, including the immune system. The aim of the study was to determine the features of morphometric changes in splenic lymphocytes in experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and under conditions of correction with insulin and dapagliflozin. Methods. In a study of 35 rats with modeled streptozotocin-induced diabetes, morphometric and cluster analyses of splenic cells were performed following correction with insulin and dapagliflozin. Using the K-means method, three statistically significant cell populations were identified, differentiated by dimensional parameters and the nucleocytoplasmic ratio. Results. This study examined the morphometric changes of splenic lymphocytes under experimental diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin, as well as its correction using insulin and dapagliflozin. Male rats were divided into groups: control, diabetes, monotherapy with insulin, and combination therapy with insulin and dapagliflozin. Spleen samples were collected on the 42nd and 56th days of the experiment. Histological sections were analyzed using morphometric methods. Cluster analysis was performed based on cell and nuclear profile area, roundness, and the major and minor diameters. Three clusters representing different morphological profiles were identified. In the control group, small cells (Cluster 0) predominated, while in rats with diabetes, the proportion of medium and large lymphocytes (Clusters 1 and 2) increased. With insulin monotherapy, the content of small cells partially recovered, and this effect was more pronounced with combination therapy using dapagliflozin. On day 56, Cluster 0 cells still predominated in the control group, while the diabetes group showed marked progression of pathological changes. Conclusion. The combination of dapagliflozin and insulin effectively reduces morphological changes in splenic cells.

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2026-03-27

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Khanenko , O., & Popovych , Y. (2026). Changes in morphometric parameters of rat splenic lymphocytes under experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and its correction. Морфологія / Morphologia / Morfologìâ, 20(1), 54–66. https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2026.1.54-66

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