Features of the topography of the neck area of permanent teeth
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2023.4.74-78Keywords:
tooth neck area, enamel, cementum, dentin.Abstract
The neck area is a zone of increased risk for the development of pathological processes in the hard tooth tissues, which have various etiologies and clinical manifestations. The aim of our study was to determine the characteristics of the relationship of hard tooth tissues in the neck area. Methods. The study involved 10 teeth and 40 longitudinal grinds of permanent teeth from the collections of Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University departments of Operative Surgery with Topographic Anatomy and Histology, Cytology, and Embryology. The longitudinal tooth grinds were examined using a UlabXSP-137TLED microscope (China) and were photographed with an XCAM-1080 P camera (China). The tooth surfaces in the neck area were studied using a JEOL-220A scanning electron microscope. Results. When studying the speciality of topography of the hard teeth tissues in the neck area, two variants of their relationship were identified: enamel-cementum junction and lack of contact between them. In cases of the absence of contact between enamel and cementum in the neck region of the tooth on its various surfaces, zones of open dentin up to 1 mm in width are often visualized. When there is contact between enamel and cementum, various variants can be differentiated: direct contact, enamel overlapping cementum, and cementum overlapping enamel. In the case of direct contact between enamel and cementum, gradual uniform thinning of their layers, as well as the presence of zones of exposed dentin, can occur, or their thickness can be preserved. When the thickness of the enamel and cementum layers is preserved in their direct contact, it can be said that their contact area assumes a perpendicular position in relation to the dentin surface. A decrease in the angle between the area of the enamel-cementum junction and the dentin surface towards the enamel is observed when enamel overlaps the cementum, and towards the cementum when it is overlapped by enamel. Conclusion. The study of the surface of the neck area of the teeth revealed two variants of the relationship between the hard tooth tissues in this area: with the presence of contact between enamel and cementum and with the absence of such contact alongside the presence of zones of exposed dentin. The investigation of the vertical grinds of the teeth allowed for the differentiation of variations of the contact of enamel with cementum: direct contact, enamel overlapping cementum, and cementum overlapping enamel.
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