Comparison of mineral composition and density of hard tissues of formed permanent teeth
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2023.3.147-150Keywords:
enamel, dentin, cementum, mineral elements, atomic absorption spectral analysis, mineral density.Abstract
Background. Modern scientific medical literature contains numerous publications devoted to the study of mineral composition of the hard tissues of teeth. However, only individual works are devoted to the comprehensive study and comparison of the mineral composition of enamel, dentin, and cementum. Aim: to study the features of mineral composition of the hard tissues of the tooth and find out the content ratio of the main mineral elements in the dentin, enamel and cementum of permanent teeth. Methods. We used 20 fully formed permanent teeth without pathology of hard tissues, removed for orthodontic indications or as a result of trauma, for the study. The mineral composition of the hard tissues of the teeth was studied by atomic absorption and emission spectral analysis performed on an atomic absorption spectrophotometer AAS-1N (CarlZeissJena, Germany) using a propane-butane-air flame. The content of seven mineral elements (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, Sr and Zn) was studied. To objectify the findings, the content of the studied elements in the solid tissue samples was determined as a percentage.The density of hard tissues of 40 permanent teeth was determined on a Siemens dental radiography device with Trophy Radiology software. Results. The obtained results of the spectral analysis of the mineral composition of hard tissues of permanent teeth proved the content of all investigated mineral elements in enamel, dentin and cementum in quantities sufficient for determination. It has been established that calcium and phosphorus are the most represented in all hard tissues of the teeth, while the smallest parts belong to potassium and strontium. The calcium content in enamel is twice as high as in dentin and almost twice as high as in cementum. The amount of phosphorus is the highest in cementum and the lowest in enamel, but the difference in the content of this element in all three tissues is insignificant. The magnesium content in enamel is only slightly higher than in dentin and three times higher than in cementum. The amount of sodium in dentin is five times lower than in enamel, and three times lower in cementum than in enamel. The content of potassium is the same in dentin and cementum and is significantly lower in enamel. The amount of zinc in enamel is twice as high as in cementum and almost five times higher than in dentin. The content of strontium in enamel is twice as high as in cementum, but 1.5 times lower than in dentin. The ratio of the density of enamel, dentin and cementum is similar to the ratio of their magnesium content and is inversely related to the phosphorus content. Conclusion. The ratio of the studied mineral elements is different in enamel, dentin and cementum, which obviously has an effect on their quality characteristics.
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