Morphofunctional transformations during the morphogenesis of the thyroid gland of the offspring of Wistar rats after intrauterine exposure to dexamethasone

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2021.3.155-161

Keywords:

thyroglobulin, thyroid gland, rats, dexamethasone, parenchymal organs, immunohistochemistry

Abstract

Background. In recent years, the prevalence of thyroid pathologies of various origins among children in the world has reached a significantly high level. The use of glucocorticoids during pregnancy remains a debatable issue in obstetrics today, as they can both positively and negatively affect the processes of organ morphogenesis and be the cause of pathological conditions in the postnatal period. Objective: to establish the features of morphofunctional transformations during the morphogenesis of the thyroid gland of the offspring of rats at an early age in normal and after intrauterine action of dexamethasone. Methods. 108 thyroid glands of rats of 3 experimental groups were microscopically examined using histological and immunohistochemical methods, followed by statistical processing of the obtained results. Results. Against the background of high levels of total follicular thyrocytes per 1 day of life in animals that received prenatal dexamethasone, cytoplasmic expression of TgAb was expressed, which correlated with the indicators of nuclear and cytoplasmic Fox-1 expression. From the 7th to the 11th day, a decrease in the total number of thyrocytes per unit area was observed due to the accumulation of colloid in the follicles, an increase in Fox-1 cytoplasmic expression and a decrease in nuclear expression, against the background of increased proliferative activity. By day 21, Fox-1 cytoplasmic and nuclear expression were almost identical. There was a decrease in the intensity of TgAb expression in the cytoplasm of thyrocytes and its expression in the colloid, a decrease in the number of Ki-67 positive thyrocytes per conditional unit area compared with the previous observation period. Conclusion. It was found that prenatal exposure of dexamethasone causes the offspring accelerate the development of morphological structures of the thyroid gland, but functionally they are in a state of stress of both the synthesizing apparatus and the process of hormone excretion, which is expressed in the imbalance of immunohistochemical expression of Fox-1 and TgAb. Such thyrocytes with signs of disturbances in synthetic activity desquamate into the lumen of the follicles, while on the 11th day we compensatory increase in the proliferative activity of the thyroid epithelium.

References

  1. Tkachenko VI, Maksimets YaA, Vydyborets NV, Kovalenko OF. [Analysis of the prevalence of thyroid pathology and its incidence among the population of Kyiv region and Ukraine for 2007–2017]. Mizhnarodnyi endokrynolohichnyi zhurnal. 2018;3 (14):272–277. [in Ukrainian]
  2. Chukur OO. [Dynamics of morbidity and prevalence of thyroid pathology among the adult population of Ukraine]. Visnyk sotsialnoi hihiieny ta orhanizatsii okhorony zdorovia Ukrainy. 2019;4:19–25. [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.11603/1681-2786.2018.4.10020
  3. Elsnosy E, Shaaban OM, Abbas AM, Gaber HH, & Darwish A. Effects of antenatal dexamethasone administration on fetal and uteroplacental Doppler waveforms in women at risk for spontaneous preterm birth. Middle East Fertility Society Journal. 2017;22(1):13-17. doi: 10.1016/j.mefs.2016.09.007
  4. Haram K, Mortensen JH, Magann EF, & Morrison JC. Antenatal corticosteroid treatment: factors other than lung maturation. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 2017;30(12):1437-1441. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1219716
  5. Moisiadis VG, & Matthews SG. Glucocorticoids and fetal programming part 1: outcomes. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(7):391-402. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2014.73
  6. Rizzo LF, Mana DL, Serra HA. Drug-induced hypothyroidism. Medicina. 2017;77:394-404
  7. Ahmed RG. Gestational dexamethasone alters fetal neuroendocrine axis. Toxicology Letters. 2016;258:46-54.
  8. Ahmed RG. Letter: gestational dexamethasone may be at higher risk for thyroid disease developing peripartum. Open Journal Of Biomedical & Life Sciences (Ojbili). 2017;3(2):01-06.
  9. Kristensen B, Hegedüs L, Madsen HO, Smith TJ, Nielsen CH. Altered balance between self-reactive T helper (Th)17 cells and Th10 cells and between full-length forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) and FoxP3 splice variants in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Clinical and experimental immunology. 2015;180(1): 58-69.
  10. Li L, Jia C, Li X, Wang F, Wang Y, Chen Y, Liu S, Zhao D. Molecular and clinical characteristics of congenital hypothyroidism in a large cohort study based on comprehensive thyroid transcription factor mutation screening in Henan. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2021;518:162-169.
  11. Asztalos E. Antenatal Corticosteroids: A Risk Factor for the Development of Chronic Disease. J. Nutrition Metab. 2012;2012:9. doi: 10.1155/2012/930591
  12. Dawood M, Alkalby J. Effect of treatment with dexamethasone on thyroid function in lactating female rats. Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research. 2020;19:331-345
  13. Elmahdi B, Hassan M, El-Bahr S. Effect of prednisolone on thyroid and gonadotrophic hormones secretion in male domestic rabbits. Thyroid Research and Practice. 2016;13:136. doi:10.4103/0973-0354.193135
  14. Abdel Gawad FA, El-Shaarawy EA, Arsanyos SF, Abd El-Galil TI, Awes GN. Can constant light exposure affect the thyroid gland in prepubertal male albino rats? Histological and ultrastructural study. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2019;78(2): 297-306.
  15. Voloshin NA, Sapyanova OK, & Kireenkova KV. [Age changes in thyroid gland white rats under influence on the organism hydrocortisone]. Ukrainskyi medychnyi almanakh. 2012;15(6):190-191. [in Ukrainian]
  16. Fedosieieva ОV. Morphogenesis of the thyroid gland of rats of the early period after the prenatal action of Dexamethasone. Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University. 2021; 25(1):22-26.

Downloads

Published

2021-12-25

How to Cite

Morphofunctional transformations during the morphogenesis of the thyroid gland of the offspring of Wistar rats after intrauterine exposure to dexamethasone. (2021). Морфологія / Morphologia / Morfologìâ, 15(3), 155–161. https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2021.3.155-161

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021)

Section

Статті

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

 The authors reserve the right to authorship of their work and transfer to the Journal the right to the first publication of this work under the terms of a license Creative commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), which allows other people to freely distribute the published work with a mandatory reference to the authors of the original work and the first publication of the work in this journal.
        By submitting a manuscript to the editorial office of the Journal ‘Morphologia’ authors agree to transfer the rights to protect and use the manuscript (all supplemental materials, particularly protected objects such as photos, drawings, diagrams, tables, etc.), including the reproduction in the press and distribution via the Internet; translation of the manuscript into any language; export and import of journal copies with the Authors’ article in order to make it available for public. Authors convey the rights mentioned above to the editorial office without any temporal or territorial limitation all over the world. 
        The Authors guarantee that they have the exclusive rights to use the material transferred to editorial office. Editors are not responsible to third parties for contraventions of warranty given by the Authors. The considered rights are transferred to the editorial office since the moment when the current issue is signed for publishing. Reproduction of materials published in the Journal by other individuals and legal entities is possible only with the consent of Editorial office, with the obligatory indication of the full bibliographic reference of the primary publication. The Authors reserve the right to use the published material, its fragments and parts for teaching materials, oral presentations, dissertation thesis prepararion with obligatory bibliographic citation of the original paper. Electron copy of the published article, downloaded from official journal web-site in .pdf format may be put by authors on the official web-site of their institutions, any other official resources with open access.