Features of the PSA expression by human prostate gland structures.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2018.3.123-126Keywords:
prostate gland, epithelial component, immunohistochemical method, prostate-specific antigenAbstract
Background. PSA - prostate-specific antigen is synthesized by the epithelium of the prostate and secreted into the seminal fluid, provides a more liquid consistency of sperm. PSA is a specific marker of glandular tissue of the prostate gland. PSA level is used for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant prostate gland diseases. In morphological studies, the immunohistochemical study of PSA expression reflects the degree of maturity and functional activity of the prostate glandular epithelium. An objective of the research: to study of immunohistochemical features of PSA expression by human prostate gland structures in the pre- and postnatal period of ontogenesis. Methods. An object of this study: 65 prostate glands of human aged of 8 weeks gestation to 75 years; using immunohistochemical method by determining the PSA expression (1:50) (DAKO). Results. The analysis made it possible to establish that the predominant component of the stroma of the prostate in prenatal ontogenesis is a loose fibrous connective tissue that performs important morphogenetic functions. Secretory sections appear, are lined with prismatic epithelium. However, there is a lack of PSA-expression by epithelial cells. Futher, in the prostate gland up to the age of five, one can observe a developed system of excretory ducts and secretory divisions. Between high cells there are small cells with intensely stained cytoplasm. In the cells of the glandular departments, a positive reaction of the PSA marker appears. In adolescence, profound morphological and functional changes occur in the glandular, connective tissue and lymphoid structures of the human prostate. In this age period, the most characteristic features of the second critical period of ontogenesis of the prostate are manifested most clearly. It present positive expression of the marker of PSA in cells of glandular epithelium of the human prostate. In the period from 17 to 36 years, there is an intensive increase in the parenchymal elements of the prostate gland, while decreasing the percentage of connective tissue components. As a rule, in the lumen of the excretory ducts and the secretory departments, groups of desquamated epithelial cells occur, and in some areas of the organ of prostatic nodule of various sizes. In the old age, signs of involutive restructuring are found, characterized by a decrease in the number of normally functioning glandular sections. As a result of atrophic changes in the glandular apparatus, the amount of fibrous tissue increases. Conclusion. Deviations in the normal ratio of parenchymal and stromal components can create favorable conditions for the appearance of pathological conditions in the prostate gland. Zaporizhzhya state medical university.
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