Role of dendritic cells in maintenance of the skin structural homeostasis.

Authors

  • E. G. Aliyeva Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine
  • O. N. Sulaieva Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2016.3.14-18

Keywords:

skin, Langerhans cells, dermal dendritic cells, immunity, tolerance.

Abstract

Investigation of mechanisms that determine structural and immunological homeostasis under physiological conditions, alteration of neurohumoral and metabolic control, allows to pose that dendritic cells are the most important modulators of skin structure. This view is focused on current data about classification, molecular hallmarks, mechanisms and effects of their participation in skin structural homeostasis maintaining. As the most powerful and professional antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells play a crucial role in innate and adaptive immunity, as well as in switching between immunity and tolerance depending on their activation and maturation states. Cutaneous dendritic cells represent a wide spectrum of phenotypically and functionally different subtypes of cells. They are diverse in terms of origin, structure, expression of receptors and co-stimulatory molecules. According to current data, dendritic cells of the skin are classified into several types, including Langerhans cells that express Langerin, CD1a, E-cadherin, etc. In addition, there are several types of dermal dendritic cells. The most numerous are CD11b+ cells that represent about 65% of dermal dendritic cells. In addition there are Langerin+ dermal dendritic cells that demonstrate high XCR1 and lack of EpCam and Sirp1α expression. A few number of dermal DC are cells that express neither Langerin, no XCR1. They have low expression of CD11b and Sirpα, but positive in CX3CR1. In addition to conventional subsets, there is a separate group of plasmacytoid dendritic cells that enter skin under inflammation. This type of cells expresses CD123, CD45RA, CD303 (BDCA2). Authors highlight the functional differences and plasticity of skin dendritic cells populations, and discuss the role of dendritic cells in immune reactions, determination of polarity of immune response, tolerance to antigen and neo-antigens, impact of photoaging and skin aging.

 

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How to Cite

Aliyeva, E. G., & Sulaieva, O. N. (2016). Role of dendritic cells in maintenance of the skin structural homeostasis. Морфологія / Morphologia / Morfologìâ, 10(3), 14–18. https://doi.org/10.26641/1997-9665.2016.3.14-18

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 3 (2016)

Section

Статті

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